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Honda cars and Toyota cars are the popular car brands in India but if us self analysis we can see the more Honda cars are running on the Indian roads than the Toyota cars. But it doesn’t means that the Toyota cars are not valuable. Honda cars including the both sedans as well SUV models in India where as Toyota cars are well known for its SUV models in India. There are various excellent car models of both car brands are available in Indian market and well recognized by its engine performance, features, Interior, and car design.

honda CRV and Toyota Fortuner are the best cars and suitable for the uneven Indian roads. Actually Honda CRV is perfect for city driving, comfortable but smaller than Toyota Fortuner. CRV is convenient for the 5 passengers where as Fortuner is good for the 7 passengers. No doubt… Honda CRV is a excellent car where as Toyota Fortuner is an off road SUV based on the Hilux pickup. But we all know that the quality of the Honda cars is better than the Toyota cars.

Anyway I think preference should be depend up on the buyer needs. Honda CRV is much better but Toyota Fortuner is only better for resale value. CRV is a true real passenger SUV but the Fortuner is like truck. The interiors and the exteriors of both cars are extremely well managed and advance. Honda CRV gives you more refined and comfort driving than the Fortuner but the CRV is good only for city riding and not suitable for off road driving where the Toyota Fortuner scores.

Honda CRV Diesel is available with the price tag of Rs. 3100000 in India where as Toyota Fortuner Diesel comes with price of Rs. 1935320. Here I mentioned the some details of both the cars now the selection of the car is up to you.

Some best and popular Honda cars in India are Honda City, Honda Civic, Honda Accord, Honda CRV. The excellent performance Toyota car models in India include Toyota Innova, Toyota Land Cruiser Prado, Toyota Camry, Toyota Corolla, Toyota Qualis and now Toyota Fortuner.

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Source by meena shah

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Like you, we understand that one white van isn’t the same as the next. With so many variations available, the van you choose should be closely matched to your profession. Here’s a short selection of some of the most popular Toyota vans we service and some snippets of what Toyota and people in the industry say about them.

What independent commentators say about the Toyota Hiace van:

“Whilst the Toyota van range is rather limited, it offers the Toyota reputation of reliability. The Toyota Hiace is available in both short and long wheelbase models with  gross weights of either 2.8 or 3 tonnes, top payload of  1,170kg to 1,180kg and a four-cylinder 2.5-litre D-4D diesel engine producing either 95 or 117 bhp. The Toyota Hiace’s has a 7m3 cargo area that can be accessed through the rear doors or a sliding nearside door.

Standard interior features include a height-adjustable driver’s seat, armrest, tilt-adjustable steering wheel, electric heated door mirrors, electric windows, CD player with MP3 input and a driver’s airbag.”

What Toyota say about the Hilux pick up truck:

“The Toyota Hilux pick up truck is a sixth-generation model that takes the concept of exceptionally practical strength combined with true driving enjoyment to new heights, combining a rugged look with aerodynamic design.

The core design is a hard-working and capable vehicle, yet the Toyota Hilux pick up can service your flexible needs, since it also offers the comforts and drive of a passenger car and can be a full five-seater vehicle in double cab format. Toyota say that it is a ready and willing practical pick up partner.”

Main Dealer Service Vs National Van Servicing Network

When you choose your Toyota van also take into account the servicing costs. Did you know that you no longer have to accept main dealer van service prices?

In October 2003 European new legislation affecting the motor industry came into force called “Block Exemption Regulation” 14002002 (BER). The new law now allows everyone the freedom to service a van away from the main dealers, and still have their warranty protected.

This gives you the freedom to shop around and take advantage of national van servicing networks such as Service A Van, who will service your van according to the manufacturer’s service schedule, stamp your service book just as a main dealer can and could save you up to 50% off main dealer servicing costs.

As well as giving you access to cheap Toyota van servicing online, Service A Van will collect and deliver your van free of charge from home or work or virtually anywhere in the country, at a time to suit you. You might even be on a job and having your van collected and serviced at the same time.

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Source by Howard Thomas

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One of the biggest car manufacturers in the world is Toyota, superseded only by General Motors. Toyota has high hopes of becoming the largest car maker in the world by 2010, which, considering it is one of the most profitable companies in the world, is a reasonable aim.

Toyota Toyota made 9.5 million cars in 2007 alone, with success being pinned to the fact that cars are produced in the country where they are sold. This has led to a global enterprise, with Toyota’s production spanning six continents, with a work force of quarter of a million people, and selling within 160 different markets across the globe.

Toyota history

Toyota was actually the result of the Toyota Spinning and Weaving Company, set up by Sakichi Toyoda in 1918. He invented the first automatic loom, for which he sold the patent and gave the money to his son. His son, Kiichiro, invested it into automotive technology and in 1936 the Toyota AA hit the market, with the 100,000th vehicle being built 11 years later. Toyota cars came to Europe in 1962, with production surpassing the one million mark. Fast forward a couple of decades to 1986, and 50 million Toyotas had been produced. A few years later, Toyota set up manufacturing in Britain with an engine manufacturing plant in Wales and a factory in Derbyshire where cars are produced.

Toyota Facts

• Type: Public (Xetra: NSU)
• Founded: 1937
• Founder: Kiichiro Toyoda
• Headquarters: Toyota, Aichi, Nagoya and Tokyo, Japan
• Key People: Kiichiro Toyoda (Founder), Fujio Cho (Chairman and Representative Director)
• Industry: Automotive
• Products: Vehicles
• Subsidiaries: 522 companies

Toyota Featured Models

TOYOTA CELICA – launched in 1970 and discontinued in 2005, this means “heavenly” and is the name given to a series of popular coupés.

TOYOTA COROLLA – put on the market in 1966, the tenth generation of this car was launched in 2006. At least 30 million Corollas have been sold, but it hasn’t been sold in the UK since February 2007 when the Auris took its place.

TOYOTA HILUX – first reaching the market in 1969 to replace the Stout, this Toyota model is a compact pick-up truck.

TOYOTA LANDCRUISER – this first appeared in 1954, and has since reached its ninth generation. A four-wheel drive, it is renowned for getting close to the off-road capabilities of the Range Rover.

TOYOTA MR2 – a two-seater sports car with mid-engine and rear-wheel drive, made from 1984 to 2007.

TOYOTA RAV4 –first manufactured in 1994, now in its third generation, this is a compact SUV.

TOYOTA SUPRA – made between 1979 and 2002, this is a full-sized sports car, modelled on the Toyota Celica, but with more powerful engines.

TOYOTA YARIS – now in its second generation, this is a small hatchback city car that first came on the market in 1999.

Toyota – did you know?

• Approximately 70 per cent of Toyota cars produced in the UK are exported to Europe, and 15 per cent to another 70 countries worldwide.
• The surname of the founder was actually Toyoda but it got changed to Toyota as, according to Japanese superstition, this is luckier.
• Shoichiro Toyoda – a member of the founding family – was inducted into the USA’s Automotive Hall of Fame in 2007.
• In 2001, the first Toyota to be awarded European Car of the Year was the Yaris, followed by the Prius in 2005.
• Toyota has a subsidiary called Lexus, which owns Daihatsu as well, and a US one called Scion which aims its cars at young drivers.

Toyota – where to buy?

Auto Trader is a UK base website where you will find a wide range of new and used Toyota models, and more information about this car.

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Source by Josh R Evans

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Honda Motor Co. Ltd the world’s largest engine manufacturer and second-largest Japanese automaker has announced recently their latest growth strategy which will increase its car production capacity in India and Thailand while at the same time opening a new plant in Argentina.

The said move is aimed to compensate the dwindling domestic demand. According to Honda President Takeo Fukui in an interview with reporters recently, his company will invest 230 million US dollars for the construction of its second car assembly plant in India. Honda aims to triple production capacity there to 150,000 vehicles annually.

Aside from India, Honda the producer of high quality Honda parts is also planning to double its car production capacity in Thailand to 240,000 a year hopefully to start by the second-half of 2008. To achieve this objective, the Japanese automaker would have to build a second assembly plant in the country that would cost the company of around 23 billion yen.

The new plant will be built in Thailand’s Ayutthaya province. The plan of a second Honda car assembly plant in Thailand came after the Thai government has announced its decision to offer tax incentives to investors who are willing to produce eco-friendly, small, fuel efficient vehicles for both domestic and export markets.

According to Takashi Nagai, Executive Vice President of Asian Honda Motor Company, “By combining our support for the Eco-Car policy with our original plans, Honda has decided to dramatically increase our total investment in the project to approximately 6,200 million baht, the largest single investment in Thailand to date.”

Honda’s investment announcement has also enabled the Japanese automaker to obtain from the Thai government privileges in the Eco Car project.

All of Honda’s plans of constructing additional assembly plants in Thailand and India are geared to increase capacity in Asia same with the company’s earlier announcement that it will spend 100 million US dollars for the construction of a new assembly plant in Argentina which will focus in meeting the growing demand in South America.

The facility which will be constructed in Buenos Aires province will start in 2009 and is expected to give an annual output capacity of 300,000 compact passenger vehicles that is according to the statement released by the company.

The new plant in Argentina will become Honda’s second auto production structure in South America aside from a Honda factory in Brazil. The Japanese automaker also has a motorcycle plant in Buenos Aires province.

Honda President Fukui after announcing its offshore expansion program has refrained from mentioning what its plans are for its home market where demand for new vehicles have been dwindling.

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Source by Ally Wahlberg

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ECONOMY. Malaysia is a middle-income economy and has the third highest GDP per capita (US$4,625) among the Southeast Asian countries after Singapore and Brunei. The country was primarily a producer of raw materials but transformed its economy from the 1970s to the 1990s into a multi-sector economy. Malaysia’s economic growth is export driven mainly from exports of electrical and electronic products.
Malaysia’s economy is relatively stable with healthy foreign exchange reserves and a GDP of US$118.3 billion in 2004. From 2000 to 2004, Malaysia’s real GDP grew by an annual average of 5.7% while inflation remained below 2.0% and unemployment below 4.0%. The Asian economic crisis of 1997 adversely affected Malaysia’s economy during the period. It is unlikely that the country will experience an economic crisis similar to 1997 with current healthy foreign exchange reserves, low inflation and small foreign debt.
The manufacturing sector accounted for 48.5% of Malaysia’s GDP in 2004, services accounted for 42.4% and the agriculture sector accounted for 9.1%. Major industries include electronic & electrical products, textiles, clothing & footwear, chemicals, petroleum, wood and metal products. Major agriculture industries include palm oil, rubber, cocoa, rice, poultry and timber.

DEMOGRAPHY. Malaysia comprises of Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (located on the northern half of the island of Borneo) with a population of 26 million. Malaysia is a multi-ethnic society comprising of the predominant indigenous Malays (50%) followed by the Chinese (24%) and Indians (7%). Other indigenous groups (11%) include the Ibans, Kadazans, Melanaus and Kelabits. Major religion practiced is Islam followed by Buddhism, Taoism, Hinduism and Christianity. Major languages used are Malay (national language), English (commonly used in business), Chinese (mainly Mandarin, Hokkien and Cantonese) and Tamil.
Malaysia’s population is becoming increasingly urban. The country’s urban population increased from 54.7% to 62.8% of Malaysia’s total population from 1995 to 2004. Main reason is increasing employment opportunities in the major urban areas. Major urban areas include the nation’s capital Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding areas (known as the Klang Valley), Penang, Johor Bahru, Ipoh, Kuantan, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu.
Households in the urban areas have an average income that is twice than those in the rural areas. An estimated 5% of Malaysian households live below the poverty level while 50% are low-income households. The proportion of medium income households is 33% while high-income households are 10%.

INFRASTRUCTURE. Malaysia has a well-served international and domestic telecommunication system. Cities and towns are well connected by roads including highways and public transport. Internet broadband services are available in the cities and major towns. Malaysia has an international airport situated near Kuala Lumpur and airports across the country serving mainly domestic travel.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE. Malaysia’s major trading partners include the United States, Japan, China, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan and South Korea. Major exports from the country include electrical and electronic products, machineries, petroleum and liquefied natural gas (LNG), textiles, clothing & footwear, palm oil, furniture and sawn timber. High technology exports (mainly electrical and electronic products) account for more than 50% of Malaysia’s exports. Major imports include electrical and electronics, machineries and equipments, petroleum products, plastics, iron and steel products, chemicals and foods.

CONSUMER USAGE OF TECHNOLOGY. Nearly 75% of all homes have fixed line telephones and there are 15 million mobile phone subscribers for a population of nearly 26 million in 2004. Penetration of personal computers in homes was nearly 30% during the period with 3.5 million internet subscribers and 10 million internet users. More than 90% of all Malaysian homes have refrigerators and televisions. Nearly all middle and high-income homes have cars and most have more than one. The estimated penetration of cars in homes is between 75% and 80%. Thus, many low-income homes have cars but tend to be lower-end models or cheaper second hand cars. Furthermore, nearly all lower income homes have motorcycles for their travelling needs.

RETAIL MARKET. Retail sales in Malaysia reached an estimated US$14 billion in 2004 and forecast to grow further to US$20 billion by 2010. The Klang Valley (Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding areas) contributes nearly 30% of the country’s total retail trade. The traditional “mom and pop” establishments dominate Malaysia’s retail industry while shopping at the modern retail establishments such as hypermarkets, supermarkets, departments, mini-markets and convenience stores is gaining popularity. These modern establishments account for nearly 25% of the total retail sales. Shopping at the traditional open-air markets remains popular among Malaysia’s low, medium and even high-income consumers because of their festivity atmosphere.

FOOD CULTURE. Malaysia has three major ethnic food cultures i.e. Malay, Chinese and Indian foods. Rice is the staple food followed by various types of noodles and Indian bread. Malay dishes tend to be hot and spicy, Indian foods are usually curry dishes while Chinese foods are salty. However, the various ethnic communities have adapted foods from other communities. Western baked bread and bakeries and fast foods are popular and affordable even among many in the lower income group.

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Source by Khal Mastan

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Asian Furniture Development History

Since the intricate craftsmanship, quality and value of this furniture was discovered by travellers, colonialists and historians, these are the exact same qualities which still keeps it in such high demand in the market all around the world and the Asian furniture market has been growing rapidly since the 1990’s and production is mainly fuelled by export demands. The variety and abundance of available raw materials, the existence of companies specialising in furniture export and a strong force of skilled workers using the latest in manufacturing equipment are all factors which contribute to the global demand for Asian furniture, which is also commonly known as Oriental furniture.

Asia is the largest continent with very unique, cultural countries. Each country has it’s own diverse and deep-rooted traditions which reflect on their furniture and homes. It’s very difficult to categorize Oriental furniture as there are several variations which are all exquisite in their own way. However, people more often than not think of Chinese and Japanese furniture when refering to Asian furniture. The British rule of India and Burma also introduced furniture and decoration from these regions to the rest of the world and made them highly popular, while bringing about the design of colonial furniture made for the British. The Oriental influence on Europe during the 1800’s came mostly from these countries. While Japan and China have always been influential in representing Asian design, especially the influence of China’s dynasties on many other Asian countries, they had a more profound affect on western taste during the early 1900’s and especially after World War One. More frequent travel over the last 200 years also enabled people to visit the huge continent of Asia and bring back authentic oriental furniture. Now, Asian countries such as Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand to name but a few have grown in popularity and renown regarding their own particular traditional forms of furniture.

Japanese furniture often uses solid wood such as elm, gingko and kiri wood. The use of uncarved wood and bamboo and the use of heavy lacquers are popular Chinese styles who are well-known for being gifted artisans and Chinese pieces are extremely decorative. Chinese and Japanese styles are characterized with bamboo with some Asian characters or symbols on it. Southeast Asian furniture is usually dark brown in color with a lot of Hindu-influenced carving. Koreans are quite religious and this reflects on their furniture craftsmanship by using a variety of auspicious signs and symbols. Taiwanese furniture is distinctive for its widespread use of black-ink decoration. Philippine furniture is made from bamboo, rattan or exquisitely carved wood. Other items include snake or crocodile skin leather products, antiques and shell products. All handcrafted Asian furniture products pay attention to detail and display high artistic quality while bamboo and wood features heavily on all Asian styles.

Unique Asian furniture has done much to contribute to the markets of Asia and there are seven major producers which stand out; Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Korea and Taiwan. The combined production of these countries reached USD $1,828 million in the year 2000. Among these the leading producers are Korea and Taiwan, however, other Asian countries are on the rise and the Malaysian furniture industry has been on a steady surge upwards since 1999 with the USA accounting for almost 34 percent of the furniture imports from Malaysia in 2005. Europe, Scandinavia and Australia are have also bought considerably into the Asian furniture market over the past two decades.

In terms of what the future of Asian furniture exports is expected to look like, Asia in general has experienced an incredible demand for its manufactured goods from some of the world’s largest markets, particularly the United States, and this trend is presumed to continue for many years to come providing the quality standards and requirements continue to be met.

For more information on Asian Furniture, please go to

http://www.Furniture-Asian.com

.

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Source by Eugene Yeng Aik Ngin

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 "Only the multi-disciplined warrior, the techno-shaman, can scale the walls of ignorance and shed light over the prevailing darkness. The warrior spirit must guide this process."

The Warrior’s Edge, Alexander, Groller, Morriss

Under the moonlight, in a village somewhere in the Golden Triangle, the Ka-ren Shaman moved slowly and methodically. He was showing us the movements taught him by his Shaman, which had been passed down through the tribe for generations. The Shaman moved strikingly similar to a Tai Chi master.

The Golden Triangle is a roughly drawn geographic area that overlaps the borders of three countries: Myanmar in the west, Laos in the east, and Thailand in the south. This area gets its soubrette from its most profitable export, the golden excretions of the poppy – opium. The terrain of small brown mountains and narrow forested valleys is ideally suited to guerilla tactics. In the past this incomprehensible landscape acted as a barrier against the encroachments of the Burmese, Chinese, and Cambodian empires, allowing the area’s idigeonous hill tribes to maintain their own autonomy. More recently, the triangle’s remoteness continues to keep much of civilization at bay. Both Buddhist and Christian missionaries have failed to convert but a small number of the people away from their ancient animist beliefs. The Shaman or medicine man still plays an important role in the life of the isolated villages. In 1987 the author visited with the Ka-ren in one of the more remote areas of the Triangle. There he was fortunate enough to spend an evening with a Shaman and witness his Spirit Dance. It was there that the connection between this tradition and that of the Chinese martial arts seemed to meld.

Tai Chi has often been described and written about as form of meditation, a moving meditation. The purpose of meditation is to alter one’s consciousness in order to achieve a variety of goals from relaxation and healing, to extending one’s lifespan and many believe, developing supernatural abilities. The picture that most often comes to mind when we consider meditation is that of the Yogi, the Buddhist, and the Taoist, sitting cross-legged in a temple. The key ingredients are silence, stillness, and solitude. Contrast this image with one of continually flowing, and sometimes explosive movements of Tai Chi, and it would appear to be the antithesis of the conditions needed for meditation. From where then did this unique concept, the linking of physical movement with an altered state of consciousness, originate?

The five elements and their associated heraldic animals represent an ancient knowledge of how heavenly forces could be manipulated to affect earthly destinies. The central ritual of Taoist magic consists in the ability to call up the forces of these Spirit-Generals and indicates that the heraldic Animals are indeed the essence of supernatural powers.

The Chinese PauKua, Ong Hean-Tatt,

In the older martial arts traditions of China, Burma, the Philippines, and Malaysia, there are systems of self-defense that are based upon the combat movements of either real or mythical animals. The better known styles originated in China and include; Tiger, Leopard, Lion, Crane, Eagle, Phoenix, Snake, Dragon, White Ape, Monkey, and Praying Mantis to name a few. Most of the movements of these styles are more complex and vigorous than their passive cousin Tai Chi, and are thus even further removed from the traditional requirements of silence and stillness. Yet it is in the grand ballet of the animal styles that the connection is closest to the ancient origin of moving meditation. That connection can be seen in the oral traditions.

Every style has its own folklore regarding its origins. Often they are like parables that teach moral and philosophical lessons as well as the style’s origins. But there is also a pattern to many of the tales. The following story is typical of these and contains classic story elements that point to an even older origin

In 15th century China, Wang Lang was a young bully who had studied martial arts from a young age. He would strut and intimidate the locals with displays of Kung Fu, but the older men in the village were unimpressed. “Pah! Who do you think you are?” They would mutter, “Your skills are nothing compared to even a Shaolin novice.” Stinging from such rebukes, Wang vowed to find this Shaolin Temple, and defeat its master. After an arduous journey, Wang reached the Temple and challenged the monks to a duel. Initially the monks ignored him, but day after day Wang issued his challenge and finally the monks accepted. Expecting to duel with the master, Wang was chagrined to find himself faced with the lowest ranking monk. Even more humiliating was his quick defeat at the novice’s hands. Wang sulked off to the nearby mountains where he trained for months. After his confidence was restored, Wang returned to Shaolin and defeated the novice monk that had beaten him earlier. But his next opponent was a senior monk who flounced him effortlessly.

Wang again retreated to the mountains to contemplate his failure. Then one day, while sitting in meditation, Wang was distracted by sounds coming from some bushes nearby. Investigating the source of the commotion he discovered a struggle between a praying mantis and a cicada. As he watched, Wang was fascinated by the mantis’s martial techniques. He captured the mantis and kept it in a cage built from sticks. He used a straw to poke and attack the insect in order to study its fighting strategy. Wang incorporated the strategies of the mantis into his martial arts and returned to the Temple. He defeated every one of the monks sent against him. The Abbott finally ordered a stop to the contest conceding victory to Wang. The Abbot was curious about his unique style of fighting and asked Wang how he came about it. Wang told the story of his encounter with the Mantis. Having also learned humility from the insect, Wang Lang became a Shaolin monk and his Praying Mantis style became famous throughout China.

As a parable this tale illustrates three of the most important strategies of warfare; deception, speed, and surprise. There are also the moral lessons: persevering in the face of failure, learning humility, and the benefits of learning to be in harmony with nature.

But from the perspective of cultural anthropology such folktales may contain an ancient memory of an even older tradition, that of the “Vision Quest”. Common to Shamanism, the Vision Quest is a ritual whereby a young warrior first undergoes a period of training after which he sets off alone into the wilderness. He must bear the hardships of isolation while fasting and meditating until he has a vision. The vision usually takes the form of an animal that reveals certain secrets. This animal then becomes the warrior’s kindred or guardian spirit and will share his powers with the warrior. For example, if the visionary animal was a fox, the warrior would take on the qualities of cunning, an eagle would bestow far sight, a bear – strength, and so on. Compare the elements of the Vision Quest to the story of Wang Lang: his training and initial defeat, his departure into the wilderness to contemplate his failure, the encounter with the Mantis who reveals secrets of strategy and tactics, and finally, Wang’s triumphant return possessed with the powers of the Mantis, as well as a newfound humility.

The conditions that induce these (altered) States include such common experiences as isolation, fatigue, hunger, and rhythmic sound and thus are likely to be re-discovered by different generations and cultures. Since these states may be pleasurable, meaningful, and healing, they are likely to be actively sought and methods of inducing them remembered and transmitted across generations.

The Spirit of Shamanism, Roger Walsh

The folktales surrounding the origins of other martial arts styles also follow the same plot. A Tibetan monk by the name of Ordator was wandering alone in the mountains when he encountered a battle between a crane and an ape. Thinking that the spindly and fragile Crane would soon succumb to the superior brawn and strength of the ape he was surprised when the crane defeated the ape. He studied the movements of the crane and learned that evasion, distraction, and attacking the enemy’s weak points was the strategy a smaller person could use to overcome a larger opponent. The crane’s graceful hoping and turning movements became the basis for the White Crane style, now famous throughout China.

The folklore surrounding Tai Chi’s origins also reflect the same pattern. The legendary founder of Tai Chi is said to have been a mountain hermit by the name of Chang San Feng who lived during the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368). He wandered throughout the mountains and learned secret Taoist breathing techniques that made him nearly immortal (legend has him living well past 200) In addition, he learned Shaolin Temple fighting from other wandering monks.

One day while living on Wu Tang Mountain, Chang heard a hawk[1] screeching and went to see what was happening. What he discovered was a hawk attacking and doing battle with a snake. Although the hawk was stronger, faster, and had superior weapons in the form of a beak and talons, the snake was successful in driving off the hawk’s attacks. The snake’s soft and circular movements evaded the hawk’s attacks. Chang realized that by adopting the gentle and yielding aspects of the snake’s defense, the soft could neutralize the hard, the weak defeat the strong, and slow overcome the fast, and thus Tai Chi was born.

These folk tales share a common plot theme with the Vision Quest. Each includes a challenge or test, followed by isolation and hardship, then a revelation in the form of a vision of a wild animal that acts as a catalyst for the transformation of body and mind, finally, each takes on the attributes of the visionary animal.

In the fifth century BC there is described the ritual whereby the "inspector of the Region’ would dress in a bear’s skin and accompanied by twelve other attendants each dressed as a different animal, they would perform the "Bear Dance" which was meant to drive away evil spirits.

Bird Deities in China, Waterbury, F.

According to his book, Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, Eliade recounts that a Shaman must from time to time perform a ritual known as The Spirit Dance. Well known among Native Americans, accounts of this practice also date back 4,000 years in Chinese records. During the Spirit Dance, the Shaman moves in imitation of his animal spirit to call on its powers. It is said that the animal spirit actually takes possession of the Shaman’s body and imbues the Shaman with superhuman strength. This is principle is also mirrored in the martial arts. Performing the movements of Tai Chi is said to generate a spiritual energy – Chi. Like the shaman’s infusion from his animal spirit, Chi also bestows superhuman strength. Could it be that performing the stylized movements of a Tai Chi form, is based on the ancient Shaman’s practice of dancing the spirit?

The Ka-ren belong to the Thai linguistic group whose origins lie in southwest China, possibly Yunnan or Szechwan. In the twelfth century the Mongols drove whole populations in China southwards. The social upheaval this caused helped to bring to an end fabled empires of Pagan and Angkor. The Thai tribes that had been displaced southwards initially settled in the wilderness hill country that bounded these two empires, but when Mongol incursions and civil wars finally destroyed the kingdoms, the Thai came down from the hills and established their own kingdom on the ruins. But not all the tribes came down from the hills. While their cousins went on to found the Thai kingdom, others chose instead to remain in the uplands living a lifestyle little changed over time. Could the practices of the Ka-ren Shaman be a time capsule of an archaic Chinese martial arts system as it existed a thousand years ago? If so would this mean that the connection between martial arts and Shamanism was closer and much older than we thought?

While there are several similarities between the origins of martial arts systems and the Shamanic tradition of the Vision Quest it does not imply that practicing Tai Chi is a form of spirit possession. What it does is suggest is that some of China’s most ancient traditions may be the source, inspiration, or template from which the more refined disciplines such as Tai Chi evolved.

So the next time you go out and practice your Snake Creeps Down, and Crane Opens Wings, in the moonlight, know that not only are you continuing a millennia old tradition of martial arts, but a tradition that quite possibly goes back through the mists of prehistory to the dawn of mankind itself.

[1] Some variations of the account credit a Crane as the snake’s adversary.

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Source by Stefan Verstappen

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In recent years, steady and rapid economic development, stimulating rapid growth in fixed assets investment, China Mould market demand. As the industry improve its competitiveness and national policy support, domestic rapid prototype Shenzhen mold industry output value and sales revenue for many years to maintain the growth rate of 20%. Die Network CEO, Shenzhen Institute of Deputy Secretary-General Luo Baihui mold technology recently introduced to the Dongguan Daily News the latest developments in the mold industry.

1, mold development prospects of the industry

1, mold market prospects in China

Mold applications continues to expand, the field has been applied to the mold that the larger and higher demand of industrial development to mold faster than the speed of development of other manufacturing industries has become a universal law, mold the world market demand, in recent years, the market total has been between 600 ~ 65 billion U.S. dollars, while China’s export was not mold to 8%, “during” can expand this share, and with the development trend of economic globalization has become more evident, mold manufacturing industry gradually China and the multinational corporations to transfer mold our country has become more evident towards the procurement of foreign and private capital to continue to favor China’s mold industry, China’s mold industry more opportunities than challenges, the future market prospects of international mold, China mold is still large room for development.

2, mold product market and increase their competitiveness

At present, China is facing the technological advantages of the developed countries and developing countries, the dual pressures of price advantage. Industrial countries die with its technological and business strengths, in the high-end molds a competitive advantage, as they are gradually entering the country, the mold industry in China becomes a tremendous challenge; India, Thailand and Eastern European countries in recent years, industrial mold developed very rapidly and the price of its mold also has a strong competitive advantage, China’s mold industry, the cost and price advantage will gradually weaken and eventually disappear. Luobai Hui said that China must die enterprises technology, management and personnel training efforts, and actively introducing foreign advanced mold manufacturing technology to enhance the ability of high-end product development die, adjusting product structure mold, mold products, continuously improve our international competitiveness.

3, mold growth rate of industry

China’s national economy in the “Eleventh Five-Year” period will continue to maintain relatively fast growth rate, to the mold industry, the development of a reliable macro support. Automotive, IT, electronic information, household appliances, OA office equipment, machinery and building materials industry, aerospace, mold needs are large power tools, home appliances and electronic information industries only example of a refrigerator Xu Yong mold about 150 parts , requiring a total of about 350 sets of molds; a need for automatic washing machine more than 150 sets of molds; one air conditioner, only to be 20 sets of plastic mold; die each model takes more than 30 sets of computers, along with its matching printer need to die more than 20 single deputy; also notebook computer, the network will have tens of millions of units set-top box market. As much as the current models developed abroad, mold import more, as China developed its own capabilities in this regard will be greatly increased demand for mold. China’s mold industry can be expected in a good macro environment of rapid development.

4, mold industry opportunities and challenges

On the one hand for the mold industry, domestic and international situation provides an unprecedented development in the development of space, while the other mold will also face more intense competitive challenges, in addition to international competition, at home, Xiaoshan, Shanghai and Shenzhen, will develop mold industries, such as Xiaoshan You into the mold company’s annual sales revenue reached 2 billion, as Friends of the Japanese professional mold factory mechanic’s wholly-owned enterprises, mainly engaged in automotive and appliance dies production, is currently being planned for the support of Xiaoshan City Hong Kong GEM; Huangyan mold industry in management, equipment, technology has also been taking the forefront in the province; mold more than 30 million annual production value of Wenzhou City, is preparing the further development of the mold industry, the five leading enterprise jointly set up mold Constant Field mold company 200 million yuan investment mold built based technology centers were the focus of government support; once the dominant player in the country mold industry in Shanghai, want to revive the former glory of the Shanghai Municipal Economic Commission, the main control center is in full swing mold to build an area of 1,500 acres, modern industrial park will soon die show in front of people; Suzhou New District proposed building a high level with international standards of modern industrial base mold the idea of an area of 2,000 acres ; South China University and the Guangdong Fonda Group signed an agreement, prepared to die city of Changan Town, Dongguan City, played an important cause of mold in southern China R & D base; Shenzhen City in the industrial structure adjustment, the clear will die as the head of the advanced manufacturing industry, investment about 6 billion yuan industrial park building mold; invest 5 billion yuan in Chongqing to build China’s largest, highest standard of automobile, motorcycle mold industrial park, planned in 2035, the annual output value of 3.0 billion; Shantou Plastic Machinery Mould total annual output value of over 10 billion yuan, currently about plastics, machinery and related tooling enterprises with 3,000, most of the companies complete the introduction of Germany, France, Italy and Taiwan, the region’s new CNC mold processing equipment, greatly improved product performance and quality grade . There are a number of other provinces and cities in China (Nanchang, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Xi’an, Dalian, Yantai, Shandong, Hebei Botou) have to seize our country is becoming a “world factory” great opportunity to create molds Park, brewing industry further escalation of the mold.

Second, analysis of industry trends mold

1, mold market globalization, the mold further reduce the production cycle

Mold the globalization of markets is the most important features of today’s mold industry is one of the mold buyers and manufacturers all over the world, the globalization of the development of tooling industry to the production process is simple, low precision mold processing enterprises to the technology is relatively backward in productivity than Countries with low migration, mold manufacturing enterprises in developed countries are located in the production of high levels of mold, mold manufacturing enterprises have to face global competition, manufacturers have to die while doing everything possible to speed up the production progress, efforts to simplify and abolishes necessary to the production process, the mold production cycle will be further reduced.

2, Die CAD / CAM to the integration, intelligence, and network development

More complete software modules, while the function module using the same data model and implement integrated management and sharing of information, support mold design, manufacturing, assembly, inspection, testing and production management of the entire process. Some series software includes a surface / solid geometric modeling, engineering drawing complex geometry, advanced rendering industrial design, mold design expert system, complex physical CAM, artistic design and sculpture automatic programming system, reverse engineering system and the complex physical-line measurement system ; mold design, analysis, manufacturing three-dimensional technology, paperless new generation of software to three-dimensional mold, intuitive sense to design the mold, using three-dimensional digital model can be easily used in the product structure of the CAE analysis, mold can produce evaluation and CNC machining, forming process simulation and information management and sharing; the same time as competition, cooperation, production and management of globalization and internationalization, and rapid development of computer hardware and software technology, network Shide Zai die industry virtual design, agile manufacturing technology both necessary and possible.

3, mold technology to high speed machining, hard milling and compound machining direction

With the precision mold to develop in the direction of and large, ultra-precision finishing technology over 1μm and collector, chemical, ultrasonic, laser processing technology integrated with the composite mold in the future will have broad prospects. High-speed machining to the workpiece surface was smooth, save processing time, typically only a step away from 0.0254mm, and sharp point only 0.001mm high, after the majority of high-speed machining of the workpiece surface is very smooth, no fitter further processing. Currently, machine tool manufacturers are keen on the production process and the specially designed high-speed machining center, high-speed processing technology in the United States to reduce or eliminate fitter process is a considerable efficiency measures, this technology in Europe and Japan popular. In addition, hardening of the material processing with a full mold cavity mold processing industry is another important trend. High spindle speed and a small tool radius cutting carried out by the formation of mildly enough torque, can be used to process up to 64HRC hardness of metal materials, because no need for heat treatment, conventional heat treatment and tempering after the offset caused by the heat treatment carried out by the geometric deformation of grinding also do not need, and the technology in Japan, the acclaimed, now in the United States has also been a lot of attention and positive spread in Europe.

With the rapid development of new technologies, foreign countries have emerged mold automatic processing system that the rational combination of multiple machines, with accompanying positioning fixture or positioning disk, a complete equipment, tools and CNC numerical control database synchronization system of flexible with real-time quality monitoring and control system.

4, mold will be large, precision, standardization direction

On the one hand increasingly large part of molding and to improve production efficiency development of “a multi-cavity mold,” led to mold growing large, the other electronic information industry, medicine, rapid development has brought parts of miniaturization and precision, some tolerance precision mold requires less in the 1μm. Another multi-functional composite mold will develop further, in addition to the new multi-functional composite mold Stamping parts, also responsible for layers, tapping, riveting and assembly tasks such as locking, to further improve production efficiency.

Mold standard parts used in developed countries generally cover about 80%, as China’s mold industry, mold will enhance standardization, standardization will be further enhanced mold, mold standard parts of the application and production in the “Eleventh Five-Year” will be greater during the development.

5, the hot runner mold species, mold and adapt to the high-pressure gas-assisted injection molding direction

Mold with hot runner technology can improve productivity and quality of workpiece, and can produce significant savings of raw materials, many foreign plastic mold factory produced more than 50% of plastic molds using hot runner technology, and some have more than 80% The effect is obvious; Gas-assisted injection molding with injection pressure is low, Warpage small, good surface quality and easy-to-wall forming larger products, such as differences in advantages in the premise of ensuring product quality and substantially reduce costs; high-pressure injection molding of resin shrinkage can be forced to increase the dimensional stability of plastic parts; another injection compression molding technology, enables forming a small piece of local internal strain can be less thick Molding shrinkage, while the narrow components for plastic parts can also be injected resin, and used a small injection of power to get good products, these technologies are gradually promoting the use of.

6, very broad prospects for rapid economic mold

Many varieties of small batch production era, people asked mold production cycle as short as possible, so rapid economic development of mold will have broad prospects. Expected in the 21st century, with various superplastic materials to produce molds with epoxy, polyester, or in which the filler metal and glass reinforcement and making simple molds and other production means the ratio of total industrial production will reach 75%. Rapid economic mold include rapid prototyping, surface forming tooling, casting forming tooling, extrusion mold technology and ultra-molded shape, multi-point forming technology, KEVRON steel blanking blanking tooling , mold blank rapid manufacturing technology.

7, high-quality mold materials and advanced surface treatment technology attention

Due to improper selection and use of materials, causing premature die failure, which accounts for more than 45% failure die, so choose the appropriate application of high-quality steel and surface treatment technologies to improve the life of the mold is very important to improve the purity of steel, isotropic , the density and uniformity, and development of more high-performance or performance of a special mold steel, mold steel specifications development, expansion of other high-quality mold materials such as carbide, ceramic materials, composite materials, the application of such a major research focus; use aluminum alloy for mold materials to shorten the molding cycle, reducing die costs, will be faster in the rapid economic development of mold.

Mold surface is the main trends: the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element penetration, complex permeability development, from the general diffusion to CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion penetration, the direction of ion implantation, etc., can be used in the coating are: TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, CrN, Cr7C3, W2C, etc., while heat means heat from the atmosphere to the development of vacuum heat treatment. Currently laser strengthening, glow plasma nitriding and electroplating (plating) enhanced anti-corrosion technologies are also more and more attention.

8, auto, IT development impact the electronics industry market sentiment dies

China imported the first negative mold growth, mold industry by the “one large and one small” pull, the development of really good the last two years. “A major” refers to the automotive industry, automobile industry refers to not only vehicle, as well as automotive components, such as the United States at present in China for the first time the second largest auto parts exporter, which means that China’s auto mold market has played an irreplaceable role. Its rapid development of mold plays an important role in driving, “a small” refers to the IT electronics industry. Die in 2006 for the 2.047 billion U.S. dollars of total imports, 2.068 billion U.S. dollars in 2005 reduced the 21 million U.S. dollars, for the first time negative growth, stopped the momentum of the expansion of imports increased every year; exports totaled 1.041 billion U.S. dollars, more than an increase of 41.06 percent in 2005, for the first time over 10 billion dollars and imports to reduce the deficit down, is very gratifying.

9, the mold need to further adjust the industrial structure

Although the mold industry and previous years has made significant progress, but there are still many problems. For example, the phenomenon of irrational industrial structure still exist. Structure, including product mix, technological structure, import and export structures, there are different degrees of problems. For example, in the import and export structure, due to the mold design and manufacturing standards and capabilities can not meet the market demand, therefore, die every year a large number of imports, especially high-end products. In 2006 the import and export stamping die, if by weight, priced at 14,913 U.S. dollars / t, and 5,869 U.S. dollars / t, much higher than the import export; while for plastic rubber mold, in 2006 imports and exports were 413,715 units and 1,217,772 units, exports is far greater than imports, while the unit is very different from the poor: the import price of 2532 U.S. dollars / set, the export price 602 U.S. dollars / set, a difference of four times, although the export volume was nearly 3 times the amount of imports, but still below the total amount of imports . That we are still importing large quantities of high quality molds, exports are dominated by middle and low. Therefore, in the long run, the rationalization of import and export trends should be expanded exports and reduce imports, making exports more than imports. Obviously, this also needs to want to be a period of time.

10 management companies restrict the development of mold

Unlike mold manufacturing process management product management, it is the face of unit production of the mold industry, and how digital information management, is very learned. If the mold is not a scientific management, dynamic management approach, we can not guarantee orderly mold manufacturing, rapid prototype Shenzhen mold supplier in time. Meanwhile, each company’s mold products are different, so they need individual management. Those who do well die business, they have a set of unique, for their own management, but that too few companies. Luobai Hui pointed out that the mold business if we do not focus on management development will not continue, and this has seriously constrained the mold enterprise development bottlenecks.

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Source by Rebecca

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Ruby and sapphire belongs to the same class of corundum family. These are known as the hardest gemstones along with diamond. Reaction of water with corundum converts it into crystalline form and through this structure they convert into gemstones. Reaction of corundum with coloring agents like Nickel and Chromium converts it into ruby or sapphires.

People usually search a lot to find out the best ruby and sapphire beads, however the best quality of them is available in Burma (Myanmar). The stuff made in this country looks beautiful and also very bright in color, due to which Burma emerged as the leading beads exporter across the world. The good quality stuff of Burmese origin is transparent. Burmese Rubilite is very rare and therefore fetches a very high value. According to an average estimation, 5 carat of Rubilite can cost up to 60 thousand dollars per carat. Sapphire beads of Burma are also very expensive. Other countries that contain good resources of Ruby and Sapphire beads are Vietnam, Cambodia and Ceylon. Although the quality level of ruby and sapphires available in Ceylon is not up to the level of Burma but the level of pink sapphire is very good out there.

Ruby and sapphire beads available in Thailand contain a black tint due to the availability of iron in them. The best thing about Thai beads is that they are very hard, rich in color and have good luster. In contrast to this Rubilite available in India and Africa is not of very good quality and mostly opaque or translucent. Due to this reason, they are mostly referred as corundum. Kenya, Koromoro and Johnson are some of the areas of Africa that have very good resources of commercial ruby.

In India you can you find plenty of Rubilite resources in the areas of Orissa, Mysore and Andhra regions. Indian rubies are mainly used for making of beads as they do not contain very good quality required for cut stones.  The best quality of blue sapphire is available in Kashmir region and they have color of peacock blue with a very good luster. In addition to this, a pin-point color tint in the bottom that can be seen in the whole of stone increases its beauty to a new level. Due to a high demand of Rubilite and sapphire beads all over the world, India in recent years emerged as a good exporter of them.

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Source by Robort Thomas

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In the year 2011, it was time farmers in Indonesia to develop its commercial vegetable production and efficient, to meet the market demand that does not matter whether rainy or dry season.

Especially this year, China’s market is aggressive free entry to Indonesia, what should we do. For my skills, this is the year of manufacture Greenhouse must already have a standard that can be accounted for by technology and function.

I welcome, the Department of Agriculture who has tried to make the proposed SNI (Indonesia Nasional Standard) Greenhouse (screenhouse & House plants), both farmers and intansi expected to be built Greenhouse not medesign and made carelessly without taking into account technical and appropriate,.

I, as Team One author proposed SNI (Indonesian National Standard) Greenhouse (“Building & House Plants Kasa) tried to describe how the Greenhouse towards SNI.Standar standard is expected to be used as a guide for producers and consumers in building a screen house for seeding and cultivation of horticultural crops.

Classification

Home screen can diklasifikan:
a.berdasarkan types of construction materials, namely:
1) Houses gauze with metallic construction materials
2) Houses mesh with non-metallic construction materials (wood or bamboo)

b.berdasarkan roof forms, namely:
1) Home screen with a triangular roof shape (gable)
2) Home screen with a flat roof (flat)
3) Home screen with roof forms a half circle (quonset)
4) Home screen with a roof bow (arch)
5) Home screen with an uneven roof forms arc (uneven arch)
6) Home screen with a triangular roof shape (gable) canopy.

c.berdasarkan square footage of buildings, namely:
1) house a small screen, if the building area of less than 60 m²
2) Home screen is, if the building area of 60 m² – 200 m²
3) house big screen, if the building area of more than 200 m²

In addition to construction quality requirements Houses Building Plant (Screen House, Houses Refuge, House Plants), Building Houses Plants “Greenhouse” must meet the suitability of micro-climate inside the greenhouse, including temperature, humidity, temperature difference, the intensity of sunlight and Ultra Violet rays (UV) .

Temperature difference udaragreenhouse construction

a.The Air temperature performed with a standard measuring tool aspirated thermometer (temperature sensor is not influenced by the accumulated heat of direct sunlight)

b. The air temperature  inside and outside the home screen is measured simultaneously every hour from 08.00 until 17.00 hours when the air condition is very bright and not blocked by clouds (the use of data logger to record temperature or other measuring instrument which is equivalent.)

c.Sensor air temperature is placed at three points in the home screen that represents the condition of the room screen house at the position (1.5 – 2) m from ground level, and 1 point outside the home screen.

d.calculation difference in the results of measurements of air temperature inside and outside the screen house.

e. deferend peraverage temperature is the overall average temperature difference measurement data, while the maximum temperature difference is determined by the highest value data.

Different relative humidity (RH) air

a. Measure air temperature using a standard measuring instrument aspirated wet and dry bulb thermometers (RH sensor is not influenced by the accumulated heat of direct sunlight)

b.Kelembaban relative air inside and outside the home screen simultaneously measured every hour starting from 08.00 till 17.00 hours when the air condition is very bright and not blocked by clouds (the use of RH data logger to record the highly recommended)

c.Sensor dry bulb and wet bulb thermometers placed at three points in the home screen that represents the condition of the room screen house at the position (1.5 – 2) m from ground level, and 1 point outside the home screen.

d. difference RH measurements inside and outside the screen house

RH e.average is the overall average difference RH measurement data, while the maximum is determined by the difference RH highest value data.

Decrease in light intensity

a. global sunlight intensity is done by using a solar pyranometer instrument in units of W / m²

b. two solar pyranometer instrument for measuring the intensity of the sun penetrating power due to the influence of screen house mainly cover plastic roof

c. measure mounted vertically (perpendicular) with height (2-3) m from the soil surface, both inside and outside the home screen

d.conducted simultaneously on the air condition is very bright, hot, cloudless and every hour from 08.00 until until 17:00

e.decrease in light intensity due to the cover mesh / plastic is calculated using the following equation.

ΔIs = (Ii-Id)
——– X 100%
Ii

Description:
ΔIs = reduction in solar intensity,%
Il = intensity of the sun outside the home screen, W / m²
Id = intensity of the sun on the home screen, W / m²

Decrease the intensity of ultraviolet (UV)

a.Pengukuran intensity ultraviolet (UV) was done using an instrument solar UV Radiometer A / B in units of W / m²

b.two Radiometer instrument to measure the decrease in the intensity of UV light due to the closing screen house. Usually, the greater the intensity of UV light using a solar pyranometer type A is 2.5% of total global radiation of sunlight

c. measure mounted vertically (perpendicular) in height (2-3) m from the soil surface, both inside and outside the home screen

d.Pconducted simultaneously on the air condition is very bright, hot, cloudless and every hour from 08.00 until 17.00 hours

e. decrease in the intensity of UV rays because of the cover netting / plastic is calculated using the following equation:.

ΔUV = (UVl-UVD)
———- X100%
UV1
Description:
ΔUV = reduction in solar intensity,%
UVl = intensity of ultraviolet rays outside the home screen, W / m²
UVD = intensity of ultraviolet light in the screen house, W / m²

many ways the Thai lettuce nursery ACK Hydro Farm is a special company. Its location for example in the centre of Bangkok is certainly no place one would expect a high-tech nursery to be in Lettuce ACK is also an exceptional case and the Thai people are eating more and more of this vegetable. When the taxi comes closer to ACK Hydro Farm in On Nuch road in Bangkok, it is hard to believe that the address is correct. With the area being dominated by shops, bank, bats and hight-rise flats, it is certainly not the surrounding where you would expect a lettuce nursery to be. But once the gate of the ACK has been passed, aagain it is hard to imagine that this nursery is located in a town; the noise from the streets has gone, the main sound come from the fans which have to keep the greenhouses cool. The garden centre is still there, but smaller, since 80% of the 1 ha plot is used for the lettuce production together with the packing house where part of the lettuce is pre packed for ready made supermarket products. The hot climate is probably also an important reasen why lettuce is traditionally not common in the Thai kitchen. But with the increasing number of foreigners in the thai capital there is also a growing nee for dishes other main consumers of the lettuce from ACK, but those days are over, as Thai people are becoming more interested in different food and have discovered the sensation that the crispy lettuce leaves can give.

Safety and hygiene are important aspects at Hydroponics Growing for wich reason the Agriculture company works according to the ISO 9001:2000, GMP and HACCP guidelines.(Farm Visit to Thailand:Fruit-Veg Tech)

For employers either Agribusiness & Vegetables Local Trader and exporter, The rainy season is the season where the target market and production can be decreased drastically. Banyak kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani dilapangan (dataran tinggi) agar produksi sayuran tetap stabil, musim hujan adalah musim yang sering menimbulkan kerusakan bagi sayuran, terutama sayuran daun dan buah, baik kerusakan disebabkan oleh air hujan maupun timbulnya penyakit. Many of the constraints faced by farmers in the field (plateau) for vegetable production remained stable, the rainy season is a season that often cause damage to vegetables, especially leafy vegetables and fruits, both the damage caused by rain water and the occurrence of disease. ditempat lain justru musim hujan sangat dinantikan oleh sebagian besar oleh petani, terutama pada petani di lahan tadah hujan. elsewhere it has been long awaited by the rainy season, mostly by farmers, especially farmers in rainfed land.

Teknologi Hidroponik adalah salah satu jawaban untuk memberikan solusi terhadap kendala yang dihadapi oleh pelaku agribisnis terutama sayuran. Hydroponics technology is one answer to give a solution to the constraints faced by agribusiness, especially vegetables. Hidroponik adaalah suatu teknologi budidaya tanaman yang menggunakan media tanam selain tanah dan dapat dilakukan di dalam Rumah tanaman (greenhouse). Adaalah a hydroponic cultivation technology that uses a growing media other than soil and can be done in house plants (greenhouse). Greenhouse dibuat untuk rumah atau naungan tanaman agar iklim mikro dapat kita optimalkan, Greenhouse menghindari dari air hujan, Greenhouse membantu produksi sayuran selalu kontinyu, tanpa terhalangi oleh musim kemarau atau hujan. Greenhouse made for the house or shade plants for the microclimate can we optimize, Greenhouse avoid the rain water, helping Greenhouse vegetable production is always continuous, with no obstructed by the dry or rainy season. Teknologi ini memperbesar peluang untuk lebih meningkatkan produksi per m2. This technology increases the opportunity to further increase the production per m2.

Teknologi Hidroponik & Greenhouse di Indonesia sejak Tahun 1992 telah mengalami pasang surut, tidak hanya penyerapan SDMnya yang lambat, juga sebagian besar bahan dan alat yang digunakan adalah masih Import. Technology Hydroponics & Greenhouse in Indonesia since 1992, has experienced ups and downs, not only the slow absorption of human resources, as well as most of the materials and equipment used is still Import. Barang Import memang cenderung harganya tinggi, sebab kebijakan bea masuk tidak mengenal apakah barang itu buat pertanian atau tidak. Goods Import prices are likely higher, because the policy of import duties do not know whether the goods were for agriculture or not. Tetapi lambat laun trend dan luasan hidroponik di Indonesia cepat naik, menurut catatan kami, Greenhouse sudah lebih dari 70 ha untuk produksi sayuran, terutama di dataran tinggi, baik Greenhouse buatan dalam negeri maupun Import. But slowly the trend and extent of Indonesia’s rapid hydroponic rose, according to our records, the Greenhouse has more than 70 ha for vegetable production, especially in the highlands, both domestically and Greenhouse Import.

Sekarang sudah sangat pesat perkembangan Teknologi Hidroponik & Greenhouse, dari tanaman Tomat, Paprika, melon, cabai, timun, terong, lettuce, krisan, mawar, bunga potong, rocket, strawbery dll. It is now very rapid development of technology Hydroponic & Greenhouse, from plants Tomatoes, peppers, melons, peppers, cucumbers, eggplant, lettuce, chrysanthemums, roses, cut flowers, rocket, strawberries etc. dari mulai teknologi hidroponik yang manual sampai yang dikendalikan oleh komputer. ranging from a manual to hydroponic technology that is controlled by computer.

Semua itu adalah upaya untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi, nilai jual yang tinggi, kualitas, memenuhi pasar yang tidak kenal musim hujan, dan pada akhirnya sayuran & buah Indonesia di hargai oleh Negara lain, sebab beberapa kasus export sayuran dari Indonesia tidak bisa masuk ke negara lain, tetapi bisa masuk melalui pihak negara lain. All of that is an effort to increase production capacity, selling high value, quality, meet the market who do not know the rainy season, and eventually Indonesia vegetables & fruits in respect by other States, because some cases of export of vegetables from Indonesia can not enter the other country , but can enter through the other country. Lets Go Hydroponics & Greenhouse… Lets Go Hydroponics & Greenhouse …

From: www.agrifam.com (greenhouse construction)

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Source by mr edsu